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Software Engineering Fundamentals Interview Questions
Practice 9403 coding, system design and machine learning questions from 546 companies, sorted by role, topic and interview round. Every question has step-by-step hints, a code runner that supports 8 languages and an AI mentor; members also get the full solution walkthrough.
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Showing 511–540 of 1208 results
- HarveyHardSoftware EngineerHighlight Overlapping Phrases in a Sentence
Tests string search algorithms, interval merging techniques, and clean API design for formatting highlighted spans in text without redundant or malformed tags.
Software Engineering FundamentalsTechnical ScreenStringsIntervalsAho-Corasick - HarveyMediumSoftware EngineerIncremental Variable Resolver for a Build Pipeline
Build an in-memory variable resolver for a CI configuration system in three stages: plain integer variables, expression variables that reference other variables, then cycle detection with recomputation limited to the affected dependents. Checks whether a candidate can grow a design incrementally, respect a correct computation order, and reason about a dependency graph under change.
Software Engineering FundamentalsTechnical Screengraphsdependency-resolutiondesign - HarveyMediumSoftware EngineerMini Spreadsheet with Formulas Evaluated in set_cell and Cycle Rejection
A three-part coding exercise: build a mini spreadsheet with set_cell and get_cell, add formulas that sum constants and cell references with values computed eagerly in set_cell, and detect and reject circular dependencies. It tests dependency graphs, ordered recomputation and cycle checks.
Software Engineering FundamentalsTechnical Screen - HarveyMediumSoftware EngineerSpreadsheet Class With Set/Get, Cell-Reference Formulas and Cycle-Rejecting Writes
Implement an in-memory spreadsheet class in three steps: set and get integer cell values, support formulas that reference other cells, and reject any write that would create a circular reference while leaving the sheet unchanged. It tests dependency tracking, update propagation and cycle detection.
Software Engineering FundamentalsTechnical Screen - HarveyMediumSoftware EngineerSpreadsheet Class with Formula Cells, Recalculation and Cycle Detection
Build an in-memory spreadsheet class in three stages: integer cells with set_cell and get_cell, formula cells such as =B1+C1+1 with explicit handling of never-set cells and recomputation on every write, then cycle detection and recomputing only dependent cells. Tests incremental design, evaluation order and dependency graphs.
Software Engineering FundamentalsTechnical Screen - HeadlandsMediumData ScientistC++ Sliding-Window Mean of a Float Array With Inf, -Inf and NaN Handling
Implement an O(n) sliding-window mean over a 32-bit float array containing IEEE-754 special values (+inf, -inf, NaN) without poisoning subsequent windows or suffering numerical drift.
Software Engineering FundamentalsOnline Assessmentcppsliding-windowieee-754 - HeadwayMediumSoftware EngineerBuild a Dual Fixed-Window Rate-Limiting Middleware
Tests your ability to design and implement a thread-safe, dual fixed-window rate limiter and integrate it cleanly as HTTP middleware in an asynchronous Python framework.
Software Engineering FundamentalsOnsiteFastAPIConcurrencyRate Limiting - HeadwayMediumSoftware EngineerDebug a Stale Insurance Eligibility Status
Tests your ability to resolve data staleness and synchronization bugs between denormalized cache records and immutable event snapshots, while establishing clear domain invariants and handling out-of-order writes.
Software Engineering FundamentalsOnsiteSystem DesignData ModelingConcurrency - HeadwayMediumSoftware EngineerImplement Layered Endpoint and Global Rate Limits
This problem tests your ability to design a thread-safe, memory-efficient rate limiter that manages hierarchical quotas using a rolling window mechanism.
Software Engineering FundamentalsTechnical ScreenConcurrencyRate-LimitingAlgorithms - HeygenMediumSoftware EngineerBuild a GPU VM Fleet CLI
This problem tests your ability to design a robust CLI interface and state management logic for an abstraction layer that interacts with multiple heterogeneous cloud GPU providers.
Software Engineering FundamentalsTechnical ScreenSystem DesignCLICloud Computing - Hippocratic AiMediumSoftware EngineerDesign an hourly call-agent scheduler
This problem tests your ability to model resource scheduling under capacity constraints and optimize the assignment of tasks to workers over discrete time slots.
Software Engineering FundamentalsOnsiteGreedySchedulingData Structures - Hot Agent StartupMediumSoftware EngineerImplement a Thread-Safe Pub-Sub Service
This question evaluates concurrent programming and thread-safety skills within the Software Engineering Fundamentals domain, focusing on synchronization primitives, message delivery semantics, and coordination between publishers and subscribers at a practical application level.
Software Engineering FundamentalsOnsite - HubSpotMediumFrontend EngineerJavaScript Fundamentals: Prototype Chains and How 'this' Is Bound
A JavaScript fundamentals question that asks you to predict and explain how this is bound in method calls, detached calls, bound functions and arrow functions, trace property lookup through a prototype chain, and rewrite constructor-based inheritance with class syntax. It tests precise reasoning about core language behaviour.
Software Engineering FundamentalsOnsite - Hudson River TradingHardSoftware EngineerC++ Fundamentals: Memory, Compilation, and Containers
Tests deep C++ expertise in zero-allocation data structures, cache-line alignment, manual object lifecycle management via placement new, and the compilation/inlining implications of template-based designs.
Software Engineering FundamentalsTechnical ScreenC++Memory ManagementData Structures - Hudson River TradingMediumSoftware EngineerCompare C++ Pointers and References
Tests in-depth understanding of C++ raw pointers versus references, their language semantics, memory representations, and how to apply them to design safe, idiomatic, zero-cost APIs.
Software Engineering FundamentalsTechnical Screencppsystemsapi-design - Hudson River TradingMediumSoftware EngineerCompare C++ Virtual Dispatch with CRTP
Compare C++ virtual dispatch with CRTP across runtime flexibility, object layout, separate compilation, heterogeneous collections, inlining, code size, diagnostics, ABI stability, and measured performance.
Software Engineering FundamentalsOnsite - Hudson River TradingMediumSoftware EngineerCompare Multithreading and Multiprocessing
This question tests your understanding of concurrency primitives, operating system process models, memory isolation, context switching overheads, and the architectural trade-offs between threads and processes in low-latency systems.
Software Engineering FundamentalsTechnical Screenconcurrencyoperating-systemsmultithreading - Hudson River TradingMediumSite Reliability EngineerCompare Python Generators, Decorators, and Context Managers
Tests understanding of Python's execution timing, protocol methods, and resource cleanup across generators, decorators, and context managers, culminating in a robust lazy stream processor.
Software Engineering FundamentalsTechnical ScreenPythonResource ManagementDecorators - Hudson River TradingMediumSoftware EngineerCount Matrix Cells Whose Row and Column Neighbors Match
This problem tests your ability to efficiently traverse a grid while implementing conditional neighborhood logic and handling boundary constraints.
Software Engineering FundamentalsTechnical ScreenArraysMatrixGrid - Hudson River TradingMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a Fixed-Size Memory Allocator with Correct Alignment
Design a slab-backed fixed-size allocator with constant-time free-list operations, correct stride and alignment, separate object lifetime, corruption defenses, concurrency choices, and efficient handling of nine-byte payloads.
Software Engineering FundamentalsOnsite - Hudson River TradingHardSoftware EngineerDesign an Indexable Deque with O(1) Access
Tests understanding of low-level data structure design, memory layout, and trade-offs required to build a double-ended queue supporting strict O(1) random indexing and amortized O(1) push/pop operations.
Software Engineering FundamentalsTechnical ScreenData StructuresArraysSystem Fundamentals - Hudson River TradingMediumSoftware EngineerDiagnose I/O, Memory, and CPU Constraints
Tests your ability to systematically diagnose, measure, and resolve CPU, memory, and I/O bottlenecks in high-throughput, low-latency systems.
Software Engineering FundamentalsTechnical ScreenSystemsPerformance OptimizationOperating Systems - Hudson River TradingHardSoftware EngineerExplain C++ Inline, Segfaults, Virtual Memory, and std::string Internals
Tests deep understanding of low-level systems and modern C++ fundamentals, focusing on compiler inlining mechanics, virtual memory paging, segmentation fault root causes, and standard library string memory layouts.
Software Engineering FundamentalsTechnical ScreenC++Virtual MemoryOperating Systems - Hudson River TradingHardSoftware EngineerExplain Large Memory Allocation, Swap, and C++ Inline Trade-offs
Tests deep understanding of OS virtual memory management, demand paging and swap mechanics, and low-latency C++ compiler optimizations centered around inlining and instruction cache trade-offs.
Software Engineering FundamentalsTechnical Screenc++operating-systemsvirtual-memory - Hudson River TradingHardSoftware EngineerExplain Python and React performance fundamentals
This question evaluates knowledge of Python resource management (context managers and the with statement), React rendering and optimization concepts (hooks, memoization, and frontend performance), and on-call debugging and incident triage skills.
Software Engineering FundamentalsTechnical Screen - Hudson River TradingMediumSoftware EngineerExplain Virtual Memory, MMUs, and TLBs
Trace a virtual-memory load through TLB lookup, page-table walking, MMU permission checks, cache and physical access, page-fault handling, context switches, huge pages, and cross-core shootdowns.
Software Engineering FundamentalsOnsite - Hudson River TradingMediumSite Reliability EngineerExplain Why du and df Report Different Disk Usage
This question tests your understanding of Linux filesystem internals, specifically how kernel-level storage reporting differs from user-space directory traversal.
Software Engineering FundamentalsTechnical ScreenLinuxFilesystemSRE - Hudson River TradingMediumSoftware EngineerExplain and Diagnose a Segmentation Fault
This question tests your understanding of virtual memory, the lifecycle of a segmentation fault, and your ability to diagnose memory corruption using standard tooling.
Software Engineering FundamentalsTechnical ScreenC++SystemsDebugging - Hudson River TradingHardSoftware EngineerFind a Local Minimum in One and Two Dimensions
Tests divide-and-conquer optimization techniques to locate a local minimum in 1D and 2D arrays in sublinear time, requiring rigorous reasoning about termination and invariants.
Software Engineering FundamentalsTechnical Screenbinary-searchdivide-and-conquerarrays - Hudson River TradingMediumSoftware EngineerFind the Longest Common Digit Prefix Across Two Arrays
Tests candidate's ability to efficiently match string/digit prefixes between two collections of integers using hash sets or a prefix tree (Trie).
Software Engineering FundamentalsTechnical ScreenTrieHash TableString
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