Amazon interview questions

Showing 181–210 of 653 results

• Design Thread-Safe Tagging and Bookstore SystemsHard

  This interview question evaluates requirements, scale assumptions, API/data design, architecture, trade-offs, failure modes, and rollout in a realistic interview setting. A strong answer for Design Thread-Safe Tagging and Bookstore Systems states assumptions, handles edge cases, explains trade-offs, and shows how to validate the result clearly.

  AmazonSoftware EngineerSystem DesignOnsite
• Design VPC, IP plan, management, storage, SSOHard

  This interview question evaluates requirements, scale assumptions, API/data design, architecture, trade-offs, failure modes, and rollout in a realistic interview setting. A strong answer for Design VPC, IP plan, management, storage, SSO states assumptions, handles edge cases, explains trade-offs, and shows how to validate the result clearly.

  AmazonSoftware EngineerSystem DesignTechnical Screen
• Design a Churn Model: Handle Missing Data and JustifyMedium

  This interview question evaluates core ML concepts, assumptions, math intuition, training/evaluation trade-offs, and practical failure modes in a realistic interview setting. A strong answer for Design a Churn Model: Handle Missing Data and Justify states assumptions, handles edge cases, explains trade-offs, and shows how to validate the result clearly.

  AmazonData ScientistMachine LearningTechnical Screen
• Design a Core Dump Collection and Analysis SystemHard

  This problem tests the ability to design a distributed, scalable ingestion and analysis pipeline for massive binary crash files while maintaining system performance and data availability.

  AmazonSoftware EngineerSystem DesignOnsite
• Design a Debounced Product Search BoxMedium

  Design and implement an accessible, resilient product search-as-you-type component featuring debounced requests, race-condition handling via request cancellation, client-side caching, and keyboard navigation.

  AmazonFrontend EngineerSoftware Engineering FundamentalsOnsite
• Design a Distributed Cron Job SchedulerMedium

  Design a fault-tolerant, horizontally scalable distributed cron scheduler capable of triggering millions of recurring tasks with at-least-once delivery semantics and deterministic run coordination.

  AmazonSoftware EngineerSystem DesignOnsite
• Design a Distributed In-Memory Cache: Partitioning, Failover and InvalidationMedium

  Design a distributed in-memory cache shared by many services in front of a database, covering single-node eviction and expiry, key partitioning and rebalancing, replication and failover, and keeping cached values consistent after writes. It also probes protection against miss stampedes and hot keys.

  AmazonSoftware EngineerSystem DesignOther
• Design a Distributed Job Scheduler with Run Logs and Exactly-Once ExecutionHard

  Design a highly available distributed job scheduler that handles one-time and recurring jobs, collects execution logs, and rigorously addresses the practical boundaries of exactly-once execution.

  AmazonSoftware EngineerSystem DesignOnsite
• Design a High-Availability Load BalancerHard

  This problem tests the ability to architect a highly available, scalable Layer 7 load balancer, focusing on fault tolerance, traffic distribution strategies, and system reliability.

  AmazonSoftware EngineerSystem DesignOnsite
• Design a Kafka-Based File Watcher for Millions of FilesMedium

  Design a Kafka file watcher for millions of files with source sharding, durable events, per-file ordering, missed-event reconciliation, and version-aware reads.

  AmazonSoftware EngineerSystem DesignTechnical Screen
• Design a Library Management System (API and Schema)Hard

  This problem evaluates your ability to design a schema and API for a transactional library system, focusing on handling concurrent checkouts and maintaining data integrity in a read-heavy environment.

  AmazonSoftware EngineerSystem DesignTechnical Screen
• Design a Linked Queue with Deletion Follow-UpsMedium

  Implement a linked-list-based FIFO queue supporting constant-time core operations, extended with value-based deletion methods that correctly maintain queue integrity and pointer boundaries.

  AmazonSoftware EngineerSoftware Engineering FundamentalsOnsite
• Design a Low-Latency Ad Serving Backend With Targeting, Budgets and TrackingMedium

  An Amazon system design question: design an ad server that selects and returns an ad for each page request within a tight latency budget. It covers targeting and candidate retrieval, ranking and auctions, budget enforcement and pacing, impression and click tracking, and failure handling.

  AmazonSoftware EngineerSystem DesignOnsite
• Design a Machine Learning Recommendation System PipelineHard

  Design a Machine Learning Recommendation System Pipeline evaluates core ML concepts, assumptions, math intuition, training/evaluation trade-offs, and practical failure modes in a realistic interview setting. A strong answer states assumptions, handles edge cases, explains trade-offs, and shows how to validate the result clearly.

  AmazonData ScientistMachine LearningOnsite
• Design a Multi-Branch Library Lending SystemMedium

  This problem tests the ability to design a distributed inventory and reservation system, focusing on concurrency control, transaction integrity across branches, and fault-tolerant service communication.

  AmazonSoftware EngineerSystem DesignTechnical Screen
• Design a Multi-Provider Financial DashboardMedium

  Design a financial dashboard that reconciles balances, securities, cryptocurrency, prices, and derived metrics from unreliable external providers. Explain freshness, historical reproducibility, permissions, corrections, outages, and how users can recognize partial or inconsistent data.

  AmazonSoftware EngineerSystem DesignOnsite
• Design a Multimodal Neural NetworkHard

  This question evaluates a candidate's competency in designing production-grade multimodal machine learning systems, including architecture choices for text and image encoders, cross-modal fusion strategies, training objectives for joint retrieval and classification, robustness to missing or noisy modalities, and considerations for scalability and low-latency serving. Commonly asked in ML system design interviews to assess both conceptual understanding and practical application of machine learning engineering principles, it falls under the ML System Design domain and probes abilities in model alignment, evaluation metrics, deployment trade-offs, and domain adaptation strategies.

  AmazonApplied ScientistML System DesignOnsite
• Design a One-Page Warehouse Inbound DashboardHard

  Design an executive warehouse inbound dashboard with throughput, dock-to-stock time, aged backlog, capacity, and quality metrics.

  AmazonBusiness Intelligence EngineerAnalytics & ExperimentationTechnical Screen
• Design a Perishable-Goods Inventory and Location Tracking SystemMedium

  This question tests the ability to design a distributed inventory system that handles high-frequency location updates and strict FIFO/expiry logic for perishable goods.

  AmazonSoftware EngineerSystem DesignTechnical Screen
• Design a Platform for Training and Serving ML ModelsMedium

  This problem tests the ability to design an end-to-end MLOps platform capable of handling the full lifecycle of machine learning models, from experimentation to production deployment.

  AmazonSoftware EngineerML System DesignOnsite
• Design a Product Image Upload Pipeline for SellersMedium

  Design an asynchronous, distributed image processing and delivery pipeline for an e-commerce seller portal, focusing on direct-to-cloud uploads, state management, moderation workflows, and resilient global caching.

  AmazonSoftware EngineerSystem DesignOnsite
• Design a RAG system end to endHard

  This question evaluates a candidate's ability to design a production-grade Retrieval‑Augmented Generation (RAG) system, testing competencies in scalable ML system architecture, embedding and vector retrieval strategies, prompt orchestration, freshness and latency engineering, security/access controls, and evaluation metrics.

  AmazonApplied ScientistML System DesignTechnical Screen
• Design a Recursive File-Search APIHard

  Implement a secure, recursive file-search API that validates search boundaries, handles symlink cycles, catches permission errors gracefully, and returns deterministically sorted matching paths.

  AmazonSoftware EngineerSoftware Engineering FundamentalsHR Screen
• Design a Reliable AI Chatbot ArchitectureEasy

  Tests candidate's ability to design an enterprise-grade Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) chatbot system featuring fine-grained authorization, hallucination guardrails, and low-latency response serving.

  AmazonSoftware EngineerML System DesignTechnical Screen
• Design a Ride-Hailing Matching SystemMedium

  This question evaluates competence in large-scale real-time system design, covering high-throughput ingestion and burst absorption, stream deduplication, geospatial indexing, and low-latency matching and caching for ride-hail workflows.

  AmazonSoftware EngineerSystem DesignOnsite
• Design a Scalable Metrics Monitoring SystemMedium

  Design a high-throughput time-series metrics monitoring and alerting platform similar to Amazon CloudWatch, focusing on series identity, cardinality controls, and low-latency aggregations.

  AmazonSoftware EngineerSystem DesignOnsite
• Design a Scalable News FeedEasy

  This problem evaluates your ability to design a feed generation architecture, specifically comparing push vs. pull models for users with varying follower counts.

  AmazonSoftware EngineerSystem DesignTechnical Screen
• Design a Scalable and Polite Web CrawlerMedium

  This question tests the ability to design a distributed, fault-tolerant system that balances high-throughput data collection with ethical crawling constraints and resource efficiency.

  AmazonSoftware EngineerSystem DesignOnsite
• Design a Scalable, Fault-Tolerant Distributed Order SystemMedium

  This question evaluates system-design and algorithmic competencies, combining distributed-systems concepts — high availability, low-latency architecture, scalability levers, and fault-tolerance mechanisms — with practical binary-tree traversal and time–space complexity analysis.

  AmazonData ScientistCoding & AlgorithmsOnsite
• Design a Structure That Returns the Max of the Last k Inserted NumbersMedium

  A data structure design question: support inserting numbers into a stream and returning the maximum of the most recent k values. It covers a basic version with complexity analysis, reducing memory to O(k), comparing arrays, hash maps, linked lists and heaps, and building the optimal solution with a monotonic deque.

  AmazonSoftware EngineerSoftware Engineering FundamentalsOnsite