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Software Engineer Interview Questions
Practice 9403 coding, system design and machine learning questions from 546 companies, sorted by role, topic and interview round. Every question has step-by-step hints, a code runner that supports 8 languages and an AI mentor; members also get the full solution walkthrough.
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Showing 1861–1890 of 2810 results
- OpenAIMediumSoftware EngineerImplement GPU credit ledger
This question evaluates a candidate's ability to design efficient stateful systems and algorithmic data structures for tracking per-tenant resource balances, including handling idempotency, negative balance policies, concurrency, and persistence.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical Screen - OpenAIMediumSoftware EngineerImplement IPv4 and CIDR iterators
This problem tests your ability to manipulate IP address bit-representations and implement a custom iterator to traverse all addresses within a given CIDR block.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical ScreenBitwiseNetworkingIterator - OpenAIMediumSoftware EngineerImplement KV store and plan type conversions
This question evaluates proficiency in designing scalable, time-versioned key-value data structures and in graph-based shortest-path planning for costed type conversions, assessing algorithmic thinking, complexity analysis, and robustness under large-scale constraints in the Coding & Algorithms domain.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical Screen - OpenAIMediumSoftware EngineerImplement KV store serialization
This question evaluates skills in binary serialization and deserialization, data encoding and layout, type tagging, endianness, checksumming, versioning for forward/backward compatibility, and algorithmic efficiency and space usage for an in-memory key-value store; it falls under the Coding & Algorithms domain.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical Screen - OpenAIMediumSoftware EngineerImplement Social Follow Recommendations
This problem tests your ability to navigate a social graph to implement a recommendation system using set operations and frequency counting.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical ScreenGraphHash MapSorting - OpenAIMediumSoftware EngineerImplement Social Graph Snapshot Queries
This problem tests your ability to design a query-optimized representation for a directed graph, specifically focusing on efficient retrieval of multi-hop relationships and neighbor-based ranking.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical ScreenGraphsAdjacency ListData Structures - OpenAIMediumSoftware EngineerImplement Time-Aware GPU Credit Ledger
Design an in-memory credit ledger that tracks GPU compute grants with expiration timestamps, consumes credits greedily by earliest expiration, and supports atomic deductions.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical ScreenHeap / Priority QueueDesignGreedy - OpenAIHardSoftware EngineerImplement a Contiguous Memory Allocator with Primitive Lists
Simulate best-fit allocation across a contiguous address range using only primitive lists and scalar state. Support splitting, exact-pointer frees, double-free rejection, deterministic tie-breaking, and coalescing adjacent free blocks across up to 10,000 operations.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical Screen - OpenAIMediumSoftware EngineerImplement a Distributed Rate Limiter
Implement a distributed token bucket rate limiter backed by a key-value store with optimistic concurrency control (CAS), handling clock skew, concurrent updates, and token replenishment.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical ScreenDistributed SystemsConcurrencyAlgorithms - OpenAIMediumSoftware EngineerImplement a GPU credit manager
This question evaluates understanding of concurrent resource management, advanced data structures for top-K and per-user queries, enforcement of caps and expirations, and algorithmic complexity guarantees while maintaining atomicity under concurrent operations.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical Screen - OpenAIMediumSoftware EngineerImplement a Recoverable In-Memory Key-Value Store
This problem tests your understanding of durability, logging, and data persistence in an in-memory system.
Software Engineering FundamentalsTechnical ScreenSystemsConcurrencyPersistence - OpenAIMediumSoftware EngineerImplement a fault-tolerant work queue that never loses tasks when workers fail
Implement an in-process work queue that never loses a task when the worker holding it crashes, stalls or reports an error. It tests task state tracking, detecting silent workers, rejecting late reports from workers that lost a task, bounded retries for tasks that always fail, thread safety, and deterministic tests built on an injected clock.
Software Engineering FundamentalsTechnical Screen - OpenAIMediumSoftware EngineerImplement a memory allocator with malloc/free
This question evaluates understanding of memory allocator concepts including malloc/free semantics, contiguous allocation, fragmentation handling, coalescing of adjacent free blocks, pointer validation, and data-structure choices for efficient allocation.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical Screen - OpenAIHardSoftware EngineerImplement a minimal reverse-mode autograd engine on PyTorch tensors
Implement the core of a PyTorch-style autograd system: a tensor wrapper that records addition, multiplication, matrix multiplication, ReLU and sum, plus a backward method that fills in gradients for every input. Tests reverse-mode differentiation, correct ordering of the backward pass, gradient accumulation for tensors used more than once, and verification against PyTorch.
Machine LearningTechnical Screen - OpenAIMediumSoftware EngineerImplement a serializable key-value store
This question evaluates competency in implementing robust serialization and in-memory data structures, covering binary format design, handling arbitrary bytes and Unicode, correctness across edge cases (empty state, large keys/values, overwrites, deletions), input validation and failure recovery, complexity analysis, and unit testing.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical Screen - OpenAIMediumSoftware EngineerImplement an Extensible Chatbot App
This question evaluates a candidate's ability to design extensible object-oriented systems, covering interface-based architecture, dependency injection, per-conversation state management, and decoupled dispatch logic.
Software Engineering FundamentalsTechnical Screen - OpenAIMediumSoftware EngineerImplement an IPv4 Range Iterator
This problem tests your ability to manipulate 32-bit integers, understand bitwise operations, and implement a custom iterator for a contiguous range of IP addresses.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical ScreenBit ManipulationNetworkingIterator - OpenAIMediumSoftware EngineerImplement an expiring GPU credits ledger
This question evaluates understanding of time-based resource accounting, design of data structures for expiring balances, atomic update semantics for concurrent operations, and algorithmic time/space complexity within the Coding & Algorithms domain.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical Screen - OpenAIMediumSoftware EngineerImplement and Debug Backprop in NumPy
This question evaluates understanding of backpropagation and the chain rule, proficiency in vectorized NumPy implementation, numerical stability of softmax/cross-entropy, and competency in gradient checking and debugging of model gradients.
Machine LearningTechnical Screen - OpenAIMediumSoftware EngineerImplement delimiter-free string codec
This question evaluates a candidate's ability to design reversible string encodings that handle arbitrary characters and edge cases, testing competency in string manipulation, data serialization, and robustness.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical Screen - OpenAIMediumSoftware EngineerImplement expiring credit ledger
This question evaluates the ability to design efficient time-based data structures and algorithms for managing expiring credits with ordering and tie-breaking rules, testing competencies in event ordering, interval management, and retroactive update handling; it is in the Coding & Algorithms domain and emphasizes practical application of algorithmic and data-structure reasoning. It is commonly asked to verify correctness under out-of-order inserts and queries, to assess performance and complexity analysis for add/charge/get operations, and to require clear specification of time and space complexity for the proposed approach.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical Screen - OpenAIHardSoftware EngineerImplement follow graph with snapshots
This problem tests your ability to design a versioned, immutable, or persistent data structure that supports efficient graph modifications and point-in-time snapshot queries.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical ScreenPersistent Data StructuresGraphsVersion Control - OpenAIMediumSoftware EngineerImplement follow graph with snapshots and recommendations
This question evaluates design and implementation skills for mutable graph data structures with point-in-time snapshotting and recommendation ranking, testing knowledge of data structures, versioning, graph traversal, and algorithmic time/space complexity analysis.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical Screen - OpenAIMediumSoftware EngineerImplement in-memory DB querying
This question evaluates a candidate's competency in data structures, algorithms, and systems-level thinking for implementing query processing in an in-memory database, including projection, predicate filtering, ordering, and index design.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical Screen - OpenAIMediumSoftware EngineerImplement in-memory KV store with serialization
This question evaluates skills in designing and implementing an in-memory key-value store with serialization, testing data structure design, API design (set/get/serialize/deserialize), serialization format selection, type fidelity for common Python types, and robust error handling.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical Screen - OpenAIHardSoftware EngineerImplement malloc and free over Fixed Memory, Then Make Both Logarithmic
Implement malloc and free for a fixed range of memory in Python, first with a simple list of blocks and then with logarithmic-time operations backed by a third-party sorted container. It tests block splitting and merging, choosing ordered indexes for allocation and neighbor lookup, and keeping parallel structures consistent.
Software Engineering FundamentalsTechnical Screen - OpenAIMediumSoftware EngineerImplement node messaging and path discovery
This question evaluates skills in distributed systems and algorithms, including reliable message-passing between adjacent nodes, graph traversal and path discovery, fault-tolerant protocol design, and message/time complexity analysis.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical Screen - OpenAIMediumSoftware EngineerImplement persistent key-value store
This question evaluates competency in implementing an in-memory key-value store with persistence, covering concepts such as serialization, durability, data structure management, and basic I/O handling.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical Screen - OpenAIHardSoftware EngineerImplement type AST and infer generics
This problem tests your ability to design a recursive data structure for an abstract syntax tree and implement a unification-based type inference engine for a simple functional language.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical ScreenASTType InferenceRecursion - OpenAIMediumSoftware EngineerInfection Spread Simulation with Death Threshold
Implement a cellular automaton simulating epidemic spread on a 2D grid with simultaneous infection and mortality transitions until convergence.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical Screenmatrixsimulationbreadth-first-search
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