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Software Engineer Interview Questions
Practice 9403 coding, system design and machine learning questions from 546 companies, sorted by role, topic and interview round. Every question has step-by-step hints, a code runner that supports 8 languages and an AI mentor; members also get the full solution walkthrough.
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Showing 1081–1110 of 2810 results
- GoogleHardSoftware EngineerDesign quota enforcement for high concurrency
This question evaluates a candidate's understanding of distributed system design and engineering competencies related to quota enforcement, high-throughput rate limiting, consistency models, sharding, and concurrency control under very high QPS.
System DesignTechnical Screen - GoogleHardSoftware EngineerDesign relational-to-NoSQL migration pipeline
This question evaluates a candidate's competency in designing a relational-to-NoSQL migration pipeline, covering distributed systems and data engineering concepts such as consistent snapshotting, change-data-capture, per-key ordering, idempotency, exactly-once behavior, schema evolution, partitioning, and operational reliability.
System DesignTechnical Screen - GoogleMediumSoftware EngineerDesign server allocation for multi-type nodes
This question evaluates understanding of scalable resource-allocation and matching systems, encompassing data-structure and index design, availability tracking, fragmentation minimization, concurrency control, and failure handling for large node pools.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical Screen - GoogleMediumSoftware EngineerDesign set with O(1) random access
This question evaluates skill in designing a composite data structure that supports average O(1) insertion, deletion, and uniform random access, and tests understanding of hashing, indexing, randomness, and concurrency control.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical Screen - GoogleHardSoftware EngineerDesign street-view image ingestion and storage system
This question tests the ability to design a high-throughput, fault-tolerant ingestion pipeline for massive geospatial media, focusing on distributed storage strategies, data integrity, and efficient retrieval at scale.
System DesignTechnical ScreenScalabilitySpatial IndexingData Ingestion - GoogleHardSoftware EngineerDesign viewing history and resume service
This question evaluates a candidate's ability in large-scale system design, covering distributed state management, API design, data modeling for per-user progress, idempotent update semantics, cross-device synchronization, and privacy/compliance considerations.
System DesignTechnical Screen - GoogleMediumSoftware EngineerDetermine Reporting Relationships
This question evaluates understanding of hierarchical relationship modeling, transitive inference across relations, and dynamic data-structure design for tracking manager and peer links.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical Screen - GoogleMediumSoftware EngineerDetermine whether two nodes are related
This problem tests your ability to determine connectivity between two nodes in a directed graph, specifically modeling ancestry relationships.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical ScreenGraphsDFSBFS - GoogleHardSoftware EngineerDetermine winner in stack-merging game
This problem tests your ability to model a combinatorial game using the Sprague-Grundy theorem and memoization to determine the winner of a state-dependent stack-merging process.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical ScreenGame TheoryRecursionMemoization - GoogleMediumSoftware EngineerDiscuss Complex Systems and Failure Examples
This question assesses a candidate's ability to analyze distributed system failures, communicate technical post-mortems clearly, and demonstrate personal accountability and iterative improvement.
Behavioral & LeadershipTechnical ScreenDistributed SystemsIncident ResponseRoot Cause Analysis - GoogleMediumSoftware EngineerEvolve Duplicate Detection for Sliding Windows and Read-Heavy Queries
Design a data structure that preprocesses an array in linear time to answer duplicate-within-distance-k queries in constant time.
Software Engineering FundamentalsTechnical ScreenHash TableSliding WindowArray - GoogleMediumSoftware EngineerExpand Recursive Key-Value Placeholders in a Template
Implement a template engine that recursively resolves variable placeholders using a key-value dictionary while handling circular dependencies, missing keys, and escaped characters.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical Screenstringgraphdfs - GoogleMediumSoftware EngineerExplain LLM fine-tuning and generative models
This question tests your conceptual understanding of generative model architectures and the practical trade-offs involved in adapting large-scale language models to specific tasks.
Machine LearningTechnical ScreenLLMFine-tuningGenerative Models - GoogleMediumSoftware EngineerExplain what happens when you run ls
This question evaluates a candidate's understanding of process creation and execution, shell command resolution, kernel and VFS filesystem interactions, and how directory entries and file metadata are retrieved; category/domain: Software Engineering Fundamentals.
Software Engineering FundamentalsTechnical Screen - GoogleMediumSoftware EngineerExplore the Island at a Given Cell With BFS, Then Count Lakes Enclosed by Land
Given a satellite image as a grid of land and water cells and a starting cell, traverse the island containing that cell with breadth-first search, then extend the solution to count lakes, bodies of water completely enclosed by land. It tests grid traversal, precise problem definitions, connectivity rules and linear-time flood fill.
Software Engineering FundamentalsTechnical Screen - GoogleMediumSoftware EngineerFilter Repeated Robot Status Messages
Design an algorithm to rate-limit and deduplicate a stream of robot status messages so identical messages only display if strictly more than ten seconds have elapsed since their last displayed occurrence.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical ScreenHash TableDesignRate Limiting - GoogleMediumSoftware EngineerFind A Threshold-Limited Path With Minimum Required Safety
Find the minimum security clearance needed to travel between two nodes in a graph where edges exceeding a given latency threshold cannot be used.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical ScreenGraphDijkstraHeap - GoogleMediumSoftware EngineerFind Containing Range
This problem tests your ability to optimize interval lookup operations by preprocessing data into an efficient search structure to handle containment queries in sub-linear time.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical ScreenIntervalsData StructuresBinary Search - GoogleHardSoftware EngineerFind Dictionary Matches for a Jammed String
This problem tests your ability to normalize input strings by grouping consecutive identical characters and efficiently searching a dictionary for potential word matches.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical ScreenStringsRun-Length EncodingPreprocessing - GoogleMediumSoftware EngineerFind Minimum Rooms Needed
Tests interval processing, sorting, and tracking concurrent overlapping ranges using heaps or two-pointer sweep-line techniques.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical Screenintervalssortingheap - GoogleMediumSoftware EngineerFind a Horizontal Cut That Bisects Rectangle Area
Tests computational geometry and algorithmic efficiency by finding a horizontal line that bisects the total area of non-overlapping rectangles using sweep-line or binary search techniques.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical Screengeometrysweep-linebinary-search - GoogleEasySoftware EngineerFind k pairs with smallest sums
This question evaluates algorithmic problem-solving with ordered data structures, specifically understanding how to combine two sorted arrays efficiently, priority-queue or merge-based reasoning, and time/space complexity analysis in the coding and algorithms domain.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical Screen - GoogleMediumSoftware EngineerFind longest increasing contiguous subarray
This problem tests your ability to use a sliding window or linear scan approach to identify contiguous subarrays and your capacity to optimize for a single modification to extend an existing sequence.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical ScreenArraysSliding WindowGreedy - GoogleHardSoftware EngineerFind maximum value in huge text file
This question evaluates a candidate's ability to design memory-efficient streaming algorithms and parallel processing strategies for extremely large files, covering skills in external-memory algorithms, file I/O, concurrency, and correctness under resource constraints.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical Screen - GoogleMediumSoftware EngineerFind median of merged RLE arrays
This problem tests your ability to find the median of two sorted, run-length encoded arrays without fully decompressing them, focusing on efficiency and pointer manipulation.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical ScreenArraysTwo PointersRun-Length Encoding - GoogleMediumSoftware EngineerFind mode in a trinary search tree
This question evaluates a candidate's understanding of tree data structures and frequency analysis, focusing on handling a trinary search tree variant and determining mode values across possibly large datasets.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical Screen - GoogleHardSoftware EngineerFind numbers with exactly two sum-of-squares forms
This problem tests knowledge of the sum-of-two-squares theorem and efficient counting of integer partitions into two squares, requiring an understanding of number theory or optimization via circle/grid search.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical ScreenNumber TheoryBrute ForceOptimization - GoogleHardSoftware EngineerFind secret word with match-count feedback
This question evaluates algorithmic reasoning and inference from constrained feedback, testing skills in information-theoretic deduction, pattern matching, and search strategy within a bounded-query interactive setting.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical Screen - GoogleMediumSoftware EngineerFind shared objects across two log files
This question evaluates the ability to design efficient algorithms and data-processing strategies for identifying shared object identifiers across large log files, testing skills in streaming processing, set membership handling, and external-memory algorithm reasoning.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical Screen - GoogleMediumSoftware EngineerFind shortest relationship path using BFS
This problem tests your ability to model a relationship network as a graph and implement Breadth-First Search (BFS) to find the shortest path length between two nodes.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical ScreenGraphBFSShortest Path
Google