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Software Engineer Interview Questions
Practice 9403 coding, system design and machine learning questions from 546 companies, sorted by role, topic and interview round. Every question has step-by-step hints, a code runner that supports 8 languages and an AI mentor; members also get the full solution walkthrough.
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Showing 3421–3450 of 5874 results
- MicrosoftEasySoftware EngineerDesign Anonymous Product Sharing with Every-Nth Visitor Rewards
Design product pages and trackable sharing links with anonymous-visitor limits, atomic every-Nth rewards, recoverable redemption, and engagement analytics.
System DesignOnsite - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerDesign Chatbot Personalization Memory
This problem evaluates the ability to design a scalable, low-latency memory system for an LLM-based chatbot that stores and retrieves user-specific facts to provide personalized responses.
ML System DesignOnsiteSystem DesignRAGLLM - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerDesign Food-Delivery Proximity Search for Restaurants Within 10 km
A system design exercise to build proximity search for a food-delivery app that finds restaurants within 10 km of a customer, followed by hand-coding the core lookup. It tests geospatial indexing, read and write paths, partitioning, handling dense areas, and turning a design into correct code.
System DesignOnsite - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerDesign User Re-engagement Notifications
This question evaluates a candidate's ability to design end-to-end re-engagement and reminder notification systems, assessing competencies in system architecture, data modeling, scheduling and delivery pipelines, reminder extraction from natural language, user preferences, rate limiting, metrics, privacy, reliability, and scalability.
System DesignOnsite - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a ChatGPT-like serving system
This question tests the ability to design a scalable, low-latency LLM inference system, focusing on request handling, KV-cache optimization, and horizontal scaling strategies.
System DesignTechnical ScreenLLMScalabilityInference - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a Dictionary for Heterogeneous Key and Value Types
Design a heterogeneous dictionary with explicit type-aware equality, hashing, collision resolution, variable-length ownership, resizing, and persistence boundaries.
Software Engineering FundamentalsOnsite - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a Distributed Key-Value Store
Tests your ability to architect a highly available, horizontally scalable distributed key-value store, evaluating core concepts including consistent hashing, tunable quorum consistency, storage engine trade-offs, and failure recovery.
System DesignOnsiteDistributed SystemsKey-Value StoreConsistent Hashing - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a Global One-to-One Voice Calling System
Design global one-to-one voice calls with device registration, signaling, accept/reject races, media negotiation, relay fallback, and mobile recovery.
System DesignOnsite - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a High-Concurrency Incident Ticket Correlation Platform
Design a scalable incident ticket correlation and management system capable of handling high-volume alert storms, maintaining interval-based status history, and performing asynchronous, idempotent incident deduplication and linking.
System DesignOnsiteDistributed SystemsEvent-DrivenData Modeling - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a High-Volume Log Storage System with Live Tailing of Growing Files
Design a storage system that ingests a massive stream of log records into files and serves reads, including readers following files that are still being written. It probes partitioning, metadata for locating data across nodes, batching for write throughput, position-based live delivery, and the cost of long-lived reader connections at scale.
System DesignOnsite - MicrosoftEasySoftware EngineerDesign a Lab Machine Fleet Monitor: Payload Dispatch, Hang Detection, and Remote Reboot
Design a system that dispatches compute payloads to lab machines that poll for work and shows on a central dashboard whether each payload is downloading, running, completed, crashed, or hung. It tests agent design, hang detection, crash and hang logs, authorized reboot and power cycle, reruns after interruption, and refreshable machine inventory.
System DesignOnsite - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a RAG Ranking Pipeline
This problem tests your ability to design a multi-stage retrieval and ranking architecture for a RAG system, focusing on balancing search accuracy, latency, and system scalability.
ML System DesignOnsiteRAGInformation RetrievalSystem Design - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a Real-Time Bike-Sharing System With Reservations and Live Tracking
A system design exercise for a real-time bike-sharing service where riders find nearby bikes, reserve and unlock them, and end trips by locking. It tests gathering requirements first, choosing location reporting rates, keeping telemetry writes off the transactional database, and making reservations correct under contention.
System DesignOnsite - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a Real-Time Collaborative Document Editor with Concurrent Editing
A senior-level system design prompt asking for a browser-based document editor where many people edit the same file at once, similar to Google Docs. It tests concurrency control for simultaneous edits, real-time sync, durable storage with version history, sharing permissions, and how the service scales and recovers from failures.
System DesignOther - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a Role-Based Access Control System With Fast Checks and Bounded Revocation
A senior system design question about a role-based access control system with roles, permissions, scoped assignments and inheritance, plus a permission check on every protected request. It tests data modeling, fast check evaluation, caching with a bounded revocation delay, behavior on failure, and auditing of changes.
System DesignOnsite - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a Secure Copilot API
This question evaluates proficiency in designing secure, multi-tenant API systems with emphasis on authentication and authorization models, token lifecycle management, threat mitigation (such as replay attacks, token theft, and misuse), access control across tenants and tools, and scalability and reliability concerns.
System DesignOnsite - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a Shared Proxy Layer That Cuts Microservices' API Call Costs
System design question about a shared proxy layer that lowers what microservices spend calling metered API endpoints. It tests placement choices, response caching, collapsing duplicate requests, batching, quotas and budgets, safe retries for writes, failure policies and per-service cost attribution.
System DesignOnsite - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a Ticketmaster-like ticketing system
This problem tests your ability to design a high-concurrency reservation system that prevents overbooking while ensuring fairness and low latency during peak traffic.
System DesignOnsiteConcurrencyDistributed SystemsScalability - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a To-Do List Service (CRUD, Auth, Rate Limiting, Caching & API Versioning)
This question tests the ability to design a scalable, multi-tenant To-Do service, focusing on API versioning, authentication, rate limiting, and data integrity.
System DesignTechnical ScreenAPI DesignCachingRate Limiting - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a URL Shortener (High-Level and Low-Level Design)
This question tests the ability to design a distributed, scalable URL shortening service by addressing key generation strategies, storage schema, and caching policies.
System DesignTechnical ScreenScalabilityDatabaseCaching - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a URL Shortening Service
This question tests the ability to design a distributed, scalable system for mapping long URLs to short aliases, focusing on hash generation, storage strategy, and performance optimization.
System DesignOnsiteScalabilityHashingCaching - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a Versioned Key-Value Store
This problem tests your ability to design a data structure that supports storing multiple values for the same key indexed by timestamps, requiring efficient retrieval of the latest value at or before a specific point in time.
Coding & AlgorithmsTechnical ScreenHash MapBinary SearchData Structures - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a Voice and Chat AI Receptionist Platform
Design a multi-tenant voice/chat AI receptionist with approved knowledge, authorized actions, interruption handling, and real human conversation takeover.
System DesignOnsite - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a Windows App Notification System While Working With an AI Assistant
A system design exercise to design the Windows notification platform that lets many applications post, update and display notifications, completed with an AI assistant. It tests component design, isolation between apps, user controls and load handling, plus how well the candidate prompts, refines and critically evaluates AI output.
System DesignOnsite - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a cloud console main page
This question evaluates a candidate's understanding of designing a secure, multi-tenant cloud console main page, emphasizing authentication, authorization/permissions (including RBAC and scoped roles), audit logging, end-to-end request flow, and scaling for low-latency and high availability.
System DesignOnsite - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a high-level logging system
This System Design question evaluates a candidate's ability to design scalable, reliable centralized logging and observability infrastructure, covering distributed systems concepts such as ingestion, durable storage, querying/indexing, access control, and multi-tenant separation.
System DesignTechnical Screen - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a high-scale URL shortener
This problem tests your ability to design a distributed, highly available URL shortening service that manages massive read-heavy traffic and ensures low-latency redirection.
System DesignOnsiteScalabilityCachingDistributed Systems - MicrosoftHardSoftware EngineerDesign a job scheduler ETL pipeline system
This question tests the ability to design a distributed, fault-tolerant job orchestration system capable of handling complex task dependencies, retries, and high-throughput data processing.
System DesignOnsiteDistributed SystemsETLScalability - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a live sports score search feature with near-real-time score updates
A system design exercise for a sports app's search feature that returns matching games with live, continuously updating scores. It probes requirement precision such as an explicit update-delay target, relational versus NoSQL storage choices, live update delivery, and high availability during traffic spikes.
System DesignOnsite - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a pipeline that ingests a live data stream and powers real-time charts
A high-level design question about ingesting a continuous stream of timestamped events and showing it on dashboards whose charts update live. It examines stream processing, aggregation and downsampling, late-event handling, storage for recent and historical data, and the ability to present a design clearly without a diagram.
System DesignOnsite
Microsoft