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System Design Interview Questions
Practice 9403 coding, system design and machine learning questions from 546 companies, sorted by role, topic and interview round. Every question has step-by-step hints, a code runner that supports 8 languages and an AI mentor; members also get the full solution walkthrough.
- 9403
- Questions
- 546
- Companies
- 11
- Topics
- 8
- Languages
Showing 601–630 of 721 results
- RobloxHardSoftware EngineerDesign resource loader and ROS-like pub/sub
This question evaluates system design and distributed-systems competencies including resource management, async concurrency, caching and eviction, streaming and partial loads, dependency resolution, failure isolation, observability, and pub/sub concerns such as topic/schema/versioning, discovery, QoS, ordering, replay, partitioning, latency, clock semantics, and security. Commonly asked to assess architectural reasoning about scalability, low-latency trade-offs, fault tolerance, and deployment/topology choices, it is categorized under System Design and tests both high-level conceptual understanding and practical application-level design decisions; English.
System DesignOnsite - RokuMediumBackend EngineerDesign a high-throughput ad exchange
This problem tests your ability to design a low-latency, high-throughput distributed system capable of managing real-time bidding (RTB) auctions for streaming video advertisements.
System DesignOnsiteDistributed SystemsLow LatencyHigh Throughput - RokuMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a video-on-demand streaming service
This problem tests your ability to design a distributed video-on-demand platform, focusing on content ingestion, delivery at scale, and media processing pipelines.
System DesignOnsiteScalabilityCDNDistributed Systems - SalesforceMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a 911 emergency calling service
This question evaluates a candidate's ability to design a highly available, scalable emergency-calling platform covering real-time call flow, accurate caller location validation, PSAP routing, interoperability with telephony/SIP providers, and regulatory/security considerations.
System DesignOnsite - SalesforceEasyBackend EngineerDesign a Chat Analytics Backend
This question evaluates a candidate's competence in designing large-scale analytics backends, covering data ingestion, event and metric schemas, near-real-time and historical analytics, metric computation and slicing, data freshness and deduplication, privacy and access control, operational monitoring, and the API/query layer.
System DesignOnsite - SalesforceMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a Coffee-Shop Order-Management System
Design a distributed order-management system for a multi-location coffee shop chain, focusing on transactional order states, menu snapshotting, idempotent payment processing, and resilient preparation workflows.
System DesignOnsitesystem-designdistributed-systemspayments - SalesforceMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a Concurrent Car Reservation Service
Design a concurrent car reservation service with availability search, temporary holds, confirmation, cancellation, and status lookup. Explain interval conflicts, atomic inventory claims, retry safety, hold expiry, stale search results, substitutions, partitioning, and double-booking prevention.
System DesignOnsite - SalesforceMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a Multi-Tenant Enterprise Messaging System
Design a multi-tenant enterprise messaging system with direct messages, multiple channel types, durable history, real-time delivery, offline catch-up, search, presence, and read positions. Explain ordering, permissions, fan-out, storage, and strict tenant isolation.
System DesignOnsite - SalesforceMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a Multi-Vendor Integration Platform
Design a multi-vendor integration platform for authorized actions and inbound events across providers with different APIs. Define an extensible connector contract, secure credential handling, durable retries, rate isolation, webhook and polling ingestion, deduplication, and schema evolution.
System DesignOnsite - SalesforceMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a Ride-Hailing Platform: Driver Matching, Surge Pricing and Ride Acceptance
Design the core of a ride-hailing platform, covering driver location ingestion, matching riders with nearby drivers, the offer and acceptance flow with timeouts and reassignment, and surge pricing per area. It tests geospatial indexing, state machines and consistency under concurrent updates.
System DesignOnsite - SalesforceMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a Scalable Notification Service
Design an enterprise-grade, multi-channel notification platform capable of handling billions of notifications with durable ingestion, dynamic user preference filtering, idempotency, rate limits, and pluggable delivery providers.
System DesignOnsiteDistributed SystemsMessage QueuesRate Limiting - SalesforceMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a Synchronized Watch Party System (LLD)
Design a low-level object-oriented system for real-time synchronized video playback among multiple participants. The challenge tests class design, state synchronization protocols, and handling of network latency and clock drift.
System DesignOnsiteLow-Level DesignObject-Oriented DesignReal-Time Systems - SalesforceMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a URL-Shortening Service
Design short-link creation and redirects with unique identifiers, durable mappings, caching, expiration, and explicit multi-region consistency choices.
System DesignOnsite - SalesforceMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a Venue Rental and Booking System (HLD)
Design a high-level architecture for a venue rental marketplace, focusing on inventory availability modeling, concurrency control to prevent double-booking, and resilient schema and API design under read-heavy traffic.
System DesignOnsiteDistributed SystemsDatabase DesignConcurrency - SalesforceMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a pipeline orchestration system on Kubernetes
This question tests the ability to design a container-orchestrated workflow system that manages dependencies, task execution, and system reliability.
System DesignOnsiteKubernetesDistributed SystemsWorkflow Orchestration - SalesforceMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a scalable coffee ordering notification system
This problem tests your ability to design a distributed, asynchronous notification system capable of handling high-throughput order status updates and ensuring reliable message delivery to end users.
System DesignOnsiteScalabilityAsynchronousMessaging - SalesforceMediumMember of Technical StaffDesign an Idempotent Payment Processing Platform
Design a resilient payment platform that guarantees zero duplicate charges and safely resolves ambiguous downstream gateway timeouts.
System DesignOnsiteDistributed SystemsPaymentsIdempotency - SalesforceMediumSoftware EngineerDesign an analytics dashboard for an AI chat app
This question tests the ability to architect a scalable observability pipeline for high-throughput AI chat interactions, focusing on metrics ingestion, data aggregation, and multi-dimensional query performance.
System DesignOnsiteAnalyticsScalabilityOLAP - SalesforceMediumMember of Technical StaffTrack Top-K Frequent Elements from an Unbounded Stream
Tests the ability to architect a distributed streaming system for continuous top-k frequent element tracking over unbounded data streams, evaluating trade-offs between exact counts and probabilistic heavy-hitter algorithms under scale, state management, and fault-tolerance constraints.
System DesignOnsitesystem-designstreamingtop-k - SalesforceMediumSoftware EngineerWalk Through the Architecture of the Project You Work on Now
A design-round prompt asking you to walk through the architecture of the project you currently work on: its purpose, components, request and data flows, technology choices, scale and failure handling, and your own part in it. It assesses clarity, ownership and depth under probing.
System DesignOnsite - Scale AIEasyBackend EngineerDesign a Durable Task Scheduling Service
Design a resilient, distributed task scheduling service that decouples scheduling from execution, supporting both delayed one-time tasks and recurring cron jobs with strong durability and at-least-once delivery.
System DesignOnsiteDistributed SystemsTask SchedulerConcurrency - ScribdMediumSoftware EngineerProduct Event Tracking and Analytics Pipeline With Flexible Schema and Retention
This question tests the architectural design of a scalable event-tracking pipeline capable of handling heterogeneous JSON schemas, choosing appropriate storage tiers for analytical queries, and managing data lifecycle policies.
System DesignOnsiteData PipelineSchema DesignStorage - ShopifyMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a Product Photography Upload Service
Design a product-photography workflow from shoot creation and direct upload through processing, merchant review, acceptance, and reshoots. Cover scoped upload authorization, authoritative metadata, idempotent state transitions, stale completion events, notifications, retention, and publication safety.
System DesignOnsite - ShopifyHardSoftware EngineerDesign a rare-book lending and returns system
Design a rare-book lending and returns system evaluates requirements, scale assumptions, API/data design, architecture, trade-offs, failure modes, and rollout in a realistic interview setting. A strong answer states assumptions, handles edge cases, explains trade-offs, and shows how to validate the result clearly.
System DesignOnsite - ShopifyMediumSoftware EngineerTechnical Deep Dive: Present a System You Built as a Design Retrospective
A senior engineering interview round in which you present a system you designed or led, using a diagram prepared in advance, and then defend it under questioning. It tests how you frame the problem and your ownership, explain key decisions and their alternatives, discuss failures honestly, and go deep on any component.
System DesignOnsite - SierraMediumSoftware EngineerDesign an LLM-Powered Customer Service Chat System with Robust Failure Handling
A system design interview for a customer-service chat system whose replies come from an external LLM provider. It walks through the end-to-end happy path and publish/subscribe message delivery, then focuses on error handling when the provider partially fails or the network drops, on both the server and the client.
System DesignOnsite - SnapchatMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a Column-Queryable KV Database
This problem tests your ability to design a distributed key-value storage system that supports efficient column-based filtering and range scans, balancing write performance against analytical query capabilities.
System DesignOnsiteDistributed SystemsNoSQLStorage - SnapchatMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a Metrics System
Design a high-throughput, low-latency metrics collection, aggregation, and querying platform. The question tests your ability to handle multi-dimensional time-series data, mitigate high-cardinality label explosions, and design tiered storage for varying query windows.
System DesignOnsiteTime SeriesDistributed SystemsScalability - SnapchatHardSoftware EngineerDesign a News Aggregator
This question evaluates a candidate's ability to design scalable content ingestion and distribution systems, encompassing API-driven fetching, scheduling, deduplication, storage, ranking, freshness guarantees, API rate limiting, and efficient article serving.
System DesignOnsite - SnapchatMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a Pre-Login Risk and Challenge Service
Design a low-latency, resilient pre-login security service that evaluates risk signals, issues dynamic verification challenges, and verifies responses without exposing authentication flows to replay attacks.
System DesignOnsiteSecurityDistributed SystemsAuthentication
Roblox
Salesforce
Scale AI
Shopify
Sierra
Snapchat