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System Design Interview Questions
Practice 9403 coding, system design and machine learning questions from 546 companies, sorted by role, topic and interview round. Every question has step-by-step hints, a code runner that supports 8 languages and an AI mentor; members also get the full solution walkthrough.
- 9403
- Questions
- 546
- Companies
- 11
- Topics
- 8
- Languages
Showing 391–420 of 517 results
- PosthogMediumSoftware EngineerDesign Product Analytics and Event Capture for a Small E-Commerce Store
Design analytics for a small independent e-commerce store, with the emphasis on how behavioral and purchase data is gathered in the first place. It tests event modeling, browser versus server-side capture, visitor identity across checkout, proportionate storage and funnel reporting, privacy, and data-quality reconciliation.
System DesignTechnical Screen - Qube Research & TechnologiesHardSoftware EngineerDesign an asynchronous logger with formatting
This question evaluates expertise in concurrent programming, lock-free MPMC queue usage, producer–consumer asynchronous logging, variadic formatting APIs, and robustness in shutdown/flush semantics and error handling.
System DesignTechnical Screen - RampHardSoftware EngineerCount Visits in One Minute
This question evaluates a candidate's ability to design scalable, fault-tolerant real-time analytics systems for maintaining a sliding 60-second visitor count, covering competencies in event ingestion pipelines, deduplication, late-event handling, storage selection, scaling, and monitoring.
System DesignTechnical Screen - RampMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a Low-Latency Hotel Room Availability System
Design a high-throughput, low-latency room availability and reservation service that prevents double-booking while maintaining fast read times under heavy search traffic.
System DesignTechnical Screensystem-designcachingconcurrency - RemitlyMediumStaff AI-Native EngineerBuild a Transfer-Fee Comparison Prototype
Design an extensible remittance fee-comparison engine that aggregates quotes across multiple providers, normalizes explicit fees and FX spreads, and gracefully surfaces provenance, staleness, and provider failures.
System DesignTechnical ScreenFintechAPI DesignData Pipelines - RenderMediumSoftware EngineerRate Limit an API During a Traffic Attack
Design API rate limiting with token buckets, layered identities, endpoint costs, distributed-state tradeoffs, and measurable protection of legitimate traffic.
System DesignTechnical Screen - Retell AIHardSoftware EngineerDesign a Cloud Call-Center Platform for Programmatic Outbound Calls
This question evaluates a candidate's ability to design a distributed, asynchronous system under hard external rate and capacity constraints. It tests system design fundamentals such as queueing, backpressure, state-machine modeling, and multi-tenant fairness, commonly asked to assess architectural reasoning at a practical, applied level rather than pure theory.
System DesignTechnical Screen - Retell AIMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a Smooth Per-Customer Calls-Per-Second Controller
Design a distributed outbound call pacing service that enforces smooth per-tenant calls-per-second (CPS) rate limits while ensuring durable queueing, priority scheduling, and safe failover.
System DesignTechnical ScreenRate LimitingDistributed SystemsTask Scheduling - Retell AIHardSoftware EngineerDesign and Implement a Mini SQL Query Engine
This question evaluates a candidate's ability to design and build a small SQL query engine, covering tokenization, parsing, and query execution over in-memory tables. It tests system design and compiler-style thinking, including how to scope a large problem into an extensible v1 and reason about extending it with sorting, aggregation, and joins. This is a system design and practical implementation question assessing both architectural judgment and coding ability.
System DesignTechnical Screen - RetoolHardSoftware EngineerDesign car rental schema and APIs
This question evaluates data modeling, transactional integrity, concurrency control, REST API and workflow design, and system scalability within the car rental domain in the System Design category.
System DesignTechnical Screen - RevolutMediumSoftware EngineerDesign multi-region banking data synchronization
This question evaluates competency in distributed systems and data consistency for financial applications, emphasizing replication, transaction correctness, conflict resolution, idempotency, and operational resilience.
System DesignTechnical Screen - RipplingMediumSoftware EngineerDesign News Pull Scheduling, Article Storage, and Topic Reads
Design a scalable topic-based news aggregation system covering distributed feed scheduling, idempotent article ingestion, stable pagination, and a low-latency read path.
System DesignTechnical ScreenDistributed SystemsCachingJob Scheduling - RipplingMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a Deduplicated Personalized News Feed
Design a news aggregation and recommendation system that ingests multi-publisher articles, clusters coverage of identical real-world events, and serves a personalized, deduplicated feed with low latency.
System DesignTechnical Screensystem-designnews-feedclustering - RipplingMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a News Aggregation Feed
This question evaluates expertise in large-scale system design—specifically data ingestion, article clustering/deduplication, feed ranking and personalization, API and data-model design, scalability, reliability, and monitoring—within the System Design domain.
System DesignTechnical Screen - RipplingMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a News Aggregation Service
Design a scalable news aggregation platform that ingests high-volume publisher feeds, clusters and deduplicates coverage into cohesive stories, and serves fresh, personalized feeds with sub-second latency.
System DesignTechnical ScreenData PipelinesClusteringCaching - RipplingMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a News Aggregation System (Google News-style)
Design an end-to-end news aggregation platform that ingests articles at scale, deduplicates syndicated content, clusters articles into evolving story threads, and serves low-latency feeds.
System DesignTechnical ScreenDistributed SystemsData PipelinesClustering - RipplingMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a User Behavior Tracking (Clickstream Analytics) System
Design a scalable clickstream analytics pipeline capable of ingesting high-throughput user interaction events, handling duplicate and out-of-order data, and supporting both real-time aggregated dashboards and raw behavioral query paths.
System DesignTechnical ScreenStream ProcessingData PipelinesOLAP - RipplingMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a delivery cost system
A Rippling software-engineer system-design screen: build an object-oriented, in-memory delivery cost dashboard that registers drivers with hourly rates, records completed deliveries, and reports total cost, paid and unpaid amounts via an idempotent payUpTo cutoff, and the maximum number of drivers simultaneously delivering in the last 24 hours. It tests time-interval modeling, exact monetary arithmetic without floating-point drift, sweep-line concurrency counting, idempotency, time-zone handling, and thread-safe O(1) dashboard reads. The walkthrough covers both prorated and whole-delivery payment semantics, a full Python reference implementation, and the production hardening a real payroll service would need.
System DesignTechnical Screen - RipplingHardSoftware EngineerDesign a flexible expense reimbursement system
This question evaluates system design and architecture skills for building a policy-driven, explainable expense reimbursement platform, specifically testing competencies in rule engines and DSL/config design, versioning and immutable evaluations, group-level aggregation and conflict resolution, data modeling and partitioning for scale, API and workflow design, observability/auditing, and access control. As a System Design interview prompt it is commonly asked because it forces candidates to articulate trade-offs between extensibility, explainability, consistency, and performance; the assessment targets practical application of architectural principles with strong conceptual reasoning.
System DesignTechnical Screen - RipplingMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a news aggregator like Google News
This problem tests your ability to design a distributed system that fetches, normalizes, and ranks news articles from various heterogeneous sources while maintaining high availability and low latency for users.
System DesignTechnical ScreenDistributed SystemsCachingScalability - RipplingHardSoftware EngineerDesign a real-time delivery dashboard
This question evaluates skills in designing scalable, low-latency real-time distributed systems—covering event ingestion and streaming, geospatial indexing, state management, consistency and availability trade-offs, fault tolerance, monitoring, and cost/performance considerations—and is categorized under System Design.
System DesignTechnical Screen - RipplingHardSoftware EngineerDesign a scalable expense rules engine
This question evaluates system-design and data-modeling competency for building a scalable, multi-tenant rules engine (category: System Design) that supports per-entity and aggregate (trip-level) evaluations, backward-compatible APIs, explainability/auditability, parsing/validation of string-typed inputs, and operational concerns like determinism, idempotency, and resilience. It is commonly asked to assess trade-off reasoning around extensibility, evaluation semantics (priority, combinators, short-circuiting), aggregation and caching strategies, and API/data-model stability, with a level of abstraction that is practical application focused while requiring conceptual architectural trade-offs and concrete design details.
System DesignTechnical Screen - RipplingHardSoftware EngineerDesign a user behavior tracking system
This question evaluates competency in designing scalable event-driven systems, covering client SDKs and server ingestion, buffering and delivery guarantees, schema evolution, storage trade-offs for interactive dashboards versus large-scale warehousing, enrichment placement, and privacy/compliance controls.
System DesignTechnical Screen - RipplingMediumSoftware EngineerDesign centralized log ingestion and query system
This problem tests your ability to design a distributed log processing pipeline capable of handling high-throughput ingestion and efficient time-range retrieval.
System DesignTechnical ScreenDistributed SystemsLoggingData Pipelines - RipplingMediumSoftware EngineerDesign delivery driver payment system
A Rippling software-engineer system-design screen: build an in-memory, object-oriented driver-payroll service with add_driver, record_delivery, get_total_cost, pay_up_to, and get_total_cost_unpaid. It tests time-interval accounting, integer-cents money math, idempotent partial-vs-whole payout state, double-pay prevention for overlapping work, and a clean path from prototype to a transactional, indexed production design.
System DesignTechnical Screen - RipplingMediumSoftware EngineerDesign personalized news aggregation service
This question tests the ability to design a scalable news aggregation system that balances real-time content ingestion with personalized ranking for a large user base.
System DesignTechnical ScreenScalabilityDistributed SystemsRanking - RipplingMediumSoftware EngineerExtend rules for trip-level aggregates and outputs
This interview question evaluates requirements, scale assumptions, API/data design, architecture, trade-offs, failure modes, and rollout in a realistic interview setting. A strong answer for Extend rules for trip-level aggregates and outputs states assumptions, handles edge cases, explains trade-offs, and shows how to validate the result clearly.
System DesignTechnical Screen - RipplingEasySoftware EngineerHow would you scale rule evaluation?
This question tests your ability to design a high-throughput, rule-based processing engine that balances performance, scalability, and maintainability under high load.
System DesignTechnical ScreenRule EngineScalabilityCaching - RivianMediumSoftware EngineerDesign and Debug an Automotive Sensor and Camera-Blockage System
Tests your ability to design an automotive perception sensor layout and lens-blockage detection system, define safe vehicle degradation strategies, and systematically troubleshoot intermittent false-positive diagnostic alerts in the field.
System DesignTechnical ScreenAutonomous VehiclesComputer VisionEmbedded Systems - RobinhoodMediumSoftware EngineerDesign a Reliable Distributed Job Scheduler
This question tests the ability to design a distributed, fault-tolerant job scheduler capable of handling job lifecycle states, worker coordination, and consistent scheduling across multiple tenants.
System DesignTechnical ScreenDistributed SystemsSchedulingReliability
Qube Research & Technologies
Ramp
Remitly
Retell AI
Revolut
Rippling
Robinhood