practice a little every day, paws crossed ♡
Coding & Algorithms Interview Questions
Practice 9403 coding, system design and machine learning questions from 546 companies, sorted by role, topic and interview round. Every question has step-by-step hints, a code runner that supports 8 languages and an AI mentor; members also get the full solution walkthrough.
- 9403
- Questions
- 546
- Companies
- 11
- Topics
- 8
- Languages
Showing 661–690 of 1080 results
- MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerImplement a rate limiter at scale
This problem tests your ability to implement an efficient, thread-safe rate limiter using a sliding window algorithm to ensure a request quota is enforced across a distributed environment.
Coding & AlgorithmsOnsiteConcurrencyData StructuresDistributed Systems - MicrosoftHardSoftware EngineerImplement a sliding-window rate limiter allow()
This problem tests your ability to implement a thread-safe rate limiter using a sliding window algorithm to ensure a service stays within specified traffic constraints.
Coding & AlgorithmsOnsiteConcurrencyRate LimitingHash Map - MicrosoftMediumMachine Learning EngineerImplement cache and merge intervals
This question tests the ability to implement a fixed-capacity Least Recently Used (LRU) cache using hash maps and doubly-linked lists, followed by a classic interval processing algorithm to merge overlapping segments.
Coding & AlgorithmsOnsiteLRU CacheIntervalsHash Map - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerImplement four data-structure/string geometry tasks
This problem tests foundational skills in string arithmetic, parsing, coordinate geometry, and segment tree-based range queries.
Coding & AlgorithmsOnsiteStringsGeometryData Structures - MicrosoftHardSoftware EngineerImplement idempotent request handling with idempotency keys
This problem tests your ability to design a thread-safe idempotency layer that ensures an API endpoint processes identical requests exactly once, even in the presence of concurrent execution.
Coding & AlgorithmsOnsiteConcurrencySynchronizationSystem Design - MicrosoftHardData ScientistImplement lower_bound on unknown-size sorted array
This question evaluates ability to design efficient search algorithms for unknown-length non-decreasing arrays accessed via a limited get(i) API, emphasizing correctness proof and tight query/time complexity bounds.
Coding & AlgorithmsOnsite - MicrosoftMediumData ScientistImplement rotated array binary search with duplicates
This question evaluates algorithm design and analysis skills, focusing on binary-search variants, handling duplicates in rotated non-decreasing arrays, rotation-index reasoning, and rigorous edge-case analysis; domain: Coding & Algorithms, specifically search algorithms and array manipulation.
Coding & AlgorithmsOnsite - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerImplement tree traversals, BFS, and subsets generation
This question evaluates proficiency with fundamental data structures and algorithms—binary tree traversals (preorder, inorder, postorder), breadth-first search on unweighted graphs, and power-set/subset generation—emphasizing implementation choices between recursive and iterative approaches and required time and space complexity reasoning.
Coding & AlgorithmsOnsite - MicrosoftMediumApplied ScientistInsert Spaces to Rebuild a Sentence from Dictionary Words
A coding question that asks you to insert spaces into a string that lost them so that every piece is a dictionary word, returning the smallest valid sentence or None when no split exists. It tests string segmentation with dictionary lookups, handling of impossible inputs, and a canonical tie-breaking rule.
Coding & AlgorithmsOnsite - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerKeep Stable Unique Column Names Across Schema Changes
Maintain stable case-insensitive unique column names across additions, removals, reordering, reappearance, and natural suffix collisions, with independent table histories.
Coding & AlgorithmsOnsite - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerLongest Single-Letter Substring After at Most k Letter Replacements
A string problem: given uppercase letters and a budget of k single-letter changes, find the longest contiguous substring that can be turned into one repeated letter. It tests efficient substring scanning with letter counts and careful reasoning about when a candidate substring stays valid.
Coding & AlgorithmsOnsite - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerMaximize Equal Array Length After Contiguous Sum Merges
Determine the maximum possible length of two identical arrays formed by repeatedly merging adjacent elements of two given positive-integer arrays, or return -1 if impossible.
Coding & AlgorithmsOnsiteTwo PointersGreedyArrays - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerMaximize profit with bounded sell window
This question evaluates proficiency in array algorithms, time and space complexity analysis, and techniques for bounded-range optimization and streaming adaptation.
Coding & AlgorithmsOnsite - MicrosoftMediumApplied ScientistMaximum Subarray Sum of an Array Repeated K Times
A coding question that first asks for the largest sum of a non-empty contiguous subarray, then for the same quantity when the array is written out k times back to back. It tests subarray reasoning across copy boundaries, all-negative inputs, and sums that overflow 32-bit integers.
Coding & AlgorithmsOnsite - MicrosoftEasySoftware EngineerMeasure Every Lake on a Map Tile, Listed in Scan Order
Compute the area of every water body on a rectangular map tile, reported in the order a row-by-row scan first touches each one; tests connected components on a grid and avoiding recursion limits on huge regions.
Coding & AlgorithmsOnsitegridgraph-traversaldfs - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerMedian of Every Fixed-Length Sliding Window in an Integer Array
A coding problem that slides a window of fixed length k across an integer array and asks for the median of every window position, returned as floats in window order. It tests keeping the middle of a changing collection available as elements enter and leave, exact handling of even-sized windows, and overflow-safe averaging.
Coding & AlgorithmsOnsite - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerMerge multiple sorted arrays using min-heap
This question evaluates algorithm design and data structure proficiency, focusing on merging multiple sorted sequences and reasoning about time and space complexity for large numbers of arrays and elements.
Coding & AlgorithmsOnsite - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerMinimize Fuel Cost Across Cities
Calculate the minimum monetary cost to travel between two cities in a road network where fuel is consumed per unit distance and can be stockpiled with unlimited capacity at local city prices.
Coding & AlgorithmsOnsiteGraphDijkstraShortest Path - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerMinimum Number of Rooms to Host Overlapping Meetings
A scheduling problem that asks for the fewest rooms needed to hold a set of meetings given as half-open time intervals, where a room freed at a given moment can be reused immediately. It tests interval reasoning, correct handling of shared endpoints and duplicates, and an efficient solution for large inputs.
Coding & AlgorithmsOnsite - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerMinimum Ship Capacity to Deliver Ordered Packages Within a Day Limit
Given package weights in a fixed loading order and a number of days, find the smallest ship capacity that delivers every package within that many days, carrying one contiguous run of packages per day. It tests reasoning precisely about feasibility, choosing correct bounds and handling large inputs efficiently.
Coding & AlgorithmsOnsite - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerPopulate next pointers in a perfect binary tree
Evaluates proficiency in tree traversal and in-place pointer manipulation, emphasizing the perfect binary tree invariant and space-time trade-offs; category/domain: Coding & Algorithms. It is commonly asked because it tests ability to perform level-wise linking under an O(1) extra-space constraint and operates at the implementation-level of algorithms and data structures.
Coding & AlgorithmsOnsite - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerRecover Sorted Digits from Scrambled English Number Words
Recover sorted digits from scrambled English number-word letters, including repeats, and analyze why arbitrary customer vocabularies may lose unique recoverability.
Coding & AlgorithmsOnsite - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerReverse linked list in fixed-size groups
This question evaluates proficiency with singly linked list manipulation, pointer/reference management, in-place group operations, and complexity reasoning including time and constant extra space.
Coding & AlgorithmsOnsite - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerRotate a 3×3 digit grid by 180°
This problem tests your ability to perform spatial transformations on a fixed-size 2D structure while maintaining data integrity across a transformation.
Coding & AlgorithmsOnsiteArraysMatrixStrings - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerSimulate a Throttled Function Wrapper That Keeps Only the Latest Pending Call
A coding simulation of a throttle wrapper: given a cooldown length and sorted call times, report which calls actually run and when, where calls arriving during a cooldown keep only the latest one pending. It tests precise event ordering, an explicit rule for calls at the exact moment a cooldown ends, and an efficient single pass.
Coding & AlgorithmsOnsite - MicrosoftEasySoftware EngineerSizes of 4-Connected Foreground Regions in a Binary Image, in Scan Order
Given a binary image stored as a matrix of 0s and 1s, return the size of every region of horizontally or vertically connected foreground pixels, ordered by when each region is first reached in a top-to-bottom, left-to-right scan. It tests grid traversal, connected components, and handling a single region that covers up to a million pixels.
Coding & AlgorithmsOnsite - MicrosoftHardSoftware EngineerSolve Throughput, Rate Limiting, and LFU
This problem tests your ability to design a system with O(1) time complexity for cache operations and time-window-based request tracking.
Coding & AlgorithmsOnsiteData StructuresHashingSliding Window - MicrosoftHardSoftware EngineerSolve cache, grid path, and substring problems
This problem tests your ability to implement an LRU cache, solve a dynamic programming problem on a grid with constraints, and optimize string searching using the sliding window technique.
Coding & AlgorithmsOnsiteHash MapLinked ListDynamic Programming - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerSolve three scheduling and array problems
This multi-part question evaluates algorithmic problem-solving skills across task scheduling with cooldowns, in-place array deduplication, and string rearrangement to avoid adjacent duplicates, highlighting concepts such as frequency counting, scheduling constraints, and two-pointer or in-place techniques within the Coding & Algorithms domain.
Coding & AlgorithmsOnsite - MicrosoftMediumSoftware EngineerTraverse a Matrix in Clockwise Spiral Order
Traverse a rectangular matrix in clockwise spiral order without modifying the input. Learn the four-boundary technique and the guards that prevent duplicate visits on the final row or column.
Coding & AlgorithmsOnsite
Microsoft