Katkat

Design device telemetry pipeline for real-time and batch

MicrosoftSoftware Engineer · Online Assessment

Last updated

This question evaluates a candidate's competency in distributed systems architecture, data engineering, and operational trade-offs involved in designing telemetry pipelines that support both near-real-time and batch analytics.

Design a distributed system that ingests telemetry from millions of devices and supports both:

  • Real-time analytics (near-real-time dashboards/alerts)
  • Batch analytics (historical queries, aggregates, offline jobs)

Cover:

  • Data ingestion (protocols, auth, buffering)
  • Storage choices for hot vs cold data
  • Stream processing vs batch processing
  • Schema/partitioning strategy
  • Scalability, reliability, and cost considerations
  • A minimal set of APIs/queries you want to support